In Ethiopia, under-five mortality rate has declined by two thirds from the 1990 figure of 204/1,000 live births to 68/1,000 live births in 2012, thus meeting the target for Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDG 4) on child survival three years ahead of time. By 2015 the estimated under five mortality of Ethiopia has decreased to 59/1,000 live births. In absolute numbers the under-five deaths in Ethiopia has declined from nearly half a million, 444,000 a year in 1990, to about 184,000 in 2015. However, the mortality reduction was not uniform across the different childhood age groups. Dis-aggregation of the mortality data by age reveals that the decline in neonatal mortality is not as impressive as the infant and child mortality figures. It has fallen only by 46% during the same period; from 54/1000 live births in 1990 to 28/1000 live births in 2015. According to the UNIGME 2015 report, about 47% of the childhood deaths occur within the first 28 days of life, thus increasingly accounting for a larger proportion of the under five deaths. The main reason that prompted the provision of this course is to reduce newborn mortality by enabling health professionals to identify, classify and treat major newborn health problems in Ethiopia.