Title:	HIV, Resurgent Infections and Population Change in Africa
Authors:	MICHEL CARAËL JUDITH R. GLYNN
Keywords:	Population Change
Issue Date:	2007
Publisher:	Springer
Description:	Forty years ago, the age-old battle against infectious diseases as a major threat to human health was believed close to being won. This followed spectacular improvements in public health measures, such as sanitation, the advent of antibiotics, and insecticides. In addition, with the biotechnology revolution and the discovery of vaccines that helped to eradicate smallpox and control poliomyelitis, measles, diphtheria and other killer diseases, hope was raised that tuberculosis and malaria vaccines would soon follow. However, by the late twentieth century, the increase of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases was evident in both low and high income countries. About 30 new infectious diseases have been identified in the last few decades, and some of them have received considerable media and public attention, such as Legionnaires’ disease, hepatitis C, bovine spongiform encephalopathy and new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, viral haemorrhagic fevers such as Ebola, and, most recently, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The re-emergence of H5N1 influenza A virus is a current and real threat. Among the “new” diseases, and most importantly, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic, with 40 million persons infected and 25 million deaths since its first description, presents one of the most significant health, societal and security challenges facing the global community. By 2002, HIV/AIDS had become the leading cause of death among both women and men aged 15 to 59 years, causing one in every seven deaths in this age-group globally. The interaction of HIV/AIDS with tuberculosis, malaria and bacterial infections have increased HIVrelated morbidity and mortality; and in turn, the HIV pandemic has brought about devastating increases in tuberculosis.
URI:	http://10.6.20.12:80/handle/123456789/56224
ISBN:	978-1-4020-6174-5
Appears in Collections:	Population Studies

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