Title:	Interdependencies Between Fertility and Women’s Labour Supply
Authors:	Anna Matysiak
Keywords:	Women’s Labour Supply
Issue Date:	2011
Publisher:	Springer
Description:	In the last decades of the twentieth century, Period Total Fertility Rates (TFRs) decreased in almost all industrialised countries, reaching values well below the replacement level. Particularly severe declines were observed in countries of Southern Europe and Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), i.e., that part of Europe1 where the transition to low fertility occurred relatively late. Whereas by the end of the 1970s the average TFR in Continental and Northern Europe was around 1.66, in Southern and CEE state-socialist countries it was still at a level slightly above 2.1.2 Less than a decade later, the average TFR in Mediterranean countries was already below 1.4, a level the majority of the Northern and Continental European countries had never reached. At that time, fertility in CEE was still relatively high, with the TFR exceeding 1.8 in all of them apart from Slovenia and East Germany. This was, however, one of the very last times in which fertility in this region was the highest in Europe. Just after the economic transformation had begun, the post-socialist countries experienced an abrupt fall in childbearing, with the TFR reaching the lowest-low level of below 1.35 around the turn of the century. Since the early 2000s nearly all European Union (EU) countries have been experiencing improvements in fertility. Despite this fact, in the post-socialist countries (except for Estonia) as well as in Southern European countries, Austria, Germany, and Switzerland fertility remains exceptionally low (with TFR most often below 1.5). By contrast, in the majority of other EU countries TFR exceeded the value of 1.75 and in some it even reached the level of around 2.0 (Norway, France and Ireland).
URI:	http://10.6.20.12:80/handle/123456789/50721
ISBN:	978-94-007-1284-3
Appears in Collections:	Population Studies

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