Title:	Ecology, Planning, and Management of Urban Forests
Authors:	Wu, Jianguo BRUCE N. ANDERSON ROBERT W. HOWARTH LAWRENCE R. WALKER Margaret M. Carreiro Jianguo Wu
Keywords:	International Perspectives
Issue Date:	2008
Publisher:	Springer
Description:	Urbanization, an inevitable consequence of human social development, is occurring rapidly and is global in scope. Urbanization has brought measurable benefits to human societies, such as concentrated populations and labor forces that facilitate large-scale production of goods and services, extensive transportation systems that foster trade and economic development, advanced communication and information technologies that bolster education and scientific enterprises, health care and public facilities and services, job opportunities, and cultural diversity—all resulting in higher overall living standards. However, urbanization has also resulted in a number of negative impacts on the environment, including encroachment on farmland and natural habitats, increase in impervious surfaces, reduction in native biodiversity, enormous and concentrated consumption of energy and resources that result in equally large production of waste and pollution, and isolation of humans from nature. How can we take better advantage of the benefits and minimize the negative impacts of urbanization? This is a critical question that must be addressed in the development of modern cities around the world. Ecological cities (“eco-c ities”) represent a new approach to meeting this challenge.
URI:	http://10.6.20.12:80/handle/123456789/49079
ISBN:	978-0-387-71425-7
Appears in Collections:	Environmental and Development Studies

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