Title:	The world bank and Urban Development: from project s to policy
Authors:	Edward Ramsamy
Keywords:	Routledge
Issue Date:	2006
Publisher:	Routledge
Description:	This book focuses on the Bank’s role in an aspect of domestic policy in developing countries: urban development. Urbanization was a powerful socio-spatial force throughout most of the world during the twentieth century. Compared with the West, high and sustained rates of urbanization in developing countries have produced enormous problems for infrastructure and service provision (Berry 1981; Mabogunje 1981; Gilbert and Gugler 1982; Linn 1983). In their attempts to deal with burgeoning urbanization, Third World national governments tried to discourage the phenomenon by mitigating the push factors for migration to cities (El-Shakhs 1972; Brennan and Richardson 1986), altering the location of investment, and decentralizing economic activities to smaller urban areas (Lipton 1976; Forbes and Thrift 1987). However, such policies proved to be futile and ineffective after wasting already scarce resources (Richardson 1987a; N. Harris 1989). Given the inevitability of hyper-urbanization under uneven capitalist development, policy-makers have had to confront its consequences, especially the alarming growth in the number of urban poor and their lack of access to basic services and infrastructure. A major consequence of rapid urbanization in the developing world is the prolific growth of slums and squatter settlements. This informal housing usually lacks, or has limited access to, clean water, sewerage systems, and electricity. In some instances, these dwellings constitute the housing of over 60 percent of the total urban population (Potter 1985; United Nations 1996; World Bank 2000a).
URI:	http://10.6.20.12:80/handle/123456789/28244
ISBN:	978–0–203–49408–0
Appears in Collections:	Regional and Local Development Studies

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